My contribution to the handbook discusses the queer contours of empire between 1750 and WWI. The first three sections give an overview regarding race and queerphobia in the diffusion of what Michel Foucault called the “Malthusian couple,” recognized problems in Foucault’s and Edward Said’s bifurcations of sexual modernity (scientia sexualis–ars erotica and Orientalism), and connections between indigeneity and (anti-)queerphobia in the longue durée. Then, two longer sections detail queerness at the end of the early modern period, and from the onset of late modernity. The former includes the application of liberal individualism to queerness by Europe’s late Enlightenment thinkers and the relative nonheteronormativity of contemporaneous non-Western powers: the Ottoman and Qing Empires, and Edo Japan. The latter includes the disciplining of queerness across the nineteenth-century transimperial field, including non-Western powers, and the queer modernism on the East-West axis at the turn of the twentieth century.